主要技术：包括细胞疫苗、分子疫苗、抗肿瘤抗体、过继免疫疗法、细胞因子疗法等。
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If a human could live long more than enough, it's unavoidable that not less than amongst his or her cells would sooner or later accumulate a list of mutations sufficient for cancer to build. ^
大脑和神经系统问题。癌症会压迫到附近的神经，导致身体某一部位疼痛和丧失功能。累及大脑的癌症可能导致头痛和卒中样体征和症状，例如身体一侧无力。
避免暴露于紫外线辐射（这主要源于阳光暴晒和人工晒黑设备)和/或采取防晒措施；
在治疗后数月或数年后发生，有口干、皮肤及皮下组织增厚、神经损伤、心肺功能异常（如干咳、气喘等）、胃肠功能紊乱（如恶心、呕吐、体重下降等）等表现，症状较为严重且长久，应尽量避免。
[a hundred and five] Each of those alterations regulates gene expression devoid of altering the fundamental DNA sequence. These variations may perhaps continue being as a result of mobile divisions, endure for numerous generations, and may be regarded as equivalent to mutations.
癌症是全球排在第二位的死亡原因。不过，随着癌症筛查、治疗和预防的改进，多种癌症的生存率有所提高。
第一步——基因突变，当正常细胞（米色）中的某些细胞（橙色）发生基因突变， 使其在正常状态下增殖的倾向增加时，肿瘤就开始发展了。
Engraving with two views of the Dutch girl who had a tumor faraway from her neck in 1689 Most cancers has existed for all of human heritage.[226] The earliest published history relating to most cancers is from c. 1600 BC within the Egyptian Edwin Smith Papyrus 癌症 and describes breast cancer.[226] Hippocrates (c. 460 BC – c. 370 BC) described several sorts of cancer, referring to them Using the Greek term καρκίνος karkinos (crab or crayfish).[226] This title comes from the appearance on the Slash surface of the reliable malignant tumor, with "the veins stretched on all sides as being the animal the crab has its feet, whence it derives its title".
Elective abortions aren't essential and, for the most common sorts and stages of most cancers, usually do not improve the mother's survival.
另一方面，現在有些方法則是想利用身體本身的免疫系統產生非專一性的免疫反應來對抗癌細胞，例如卡介苗膀胱內灌注免疫療法（英语：intravesical BCG immunotherapy）將卡介苗灌注進入膀胱內，以引發免疫反應對抗表淺性膀胱癌（英语：superficial bladder cancer）。此外使用干擾素和介白質素，均可引起免疫反應。而使用疫苗所產生的免疫反應來對抗腫瘤的研究也正在進行當中，尤其是針對惡性黑色素瘤與腎細胞腫瘤（英语：renal mobile carcinoma））。
区域办事处 非洲 美洲 欧洲 东地中海 西太平洋 世卫组织与国家的合作 特写故事 媒体中心
用于有可能发展为癌症的患者，如隐睾、家族性结肠息肉病、乳腺不典型增生、口腔白斑、遗传性乳腺癌-卵巢癌综合征等。